Science, Technology and Society GE-6116 exam answers

A basic commercialization strategies for nanotechnology which is focused on developing technologies and thus new markets.

Product Innovation
Process Innovation Correct
Process Invention
Product Invention

A basic commercialization strategies for nanotechnology which is in response to anticipated or actual demand for specific product characteristics.

Product Innovation Correct
Process Invention
Process Innovation
Product Invention

A cell consist a large number of functional

Nucleus
Complex organisms
Macromolecules Correct
Micromolecules

A form of financial relationship which results to conflict of interest where it includes honoraria, consultancies to sponsoring organizations, mutual fund ownership, and paid expert testimonies.

Direct relationship
Company incentives
Indirect relationship Correct
Net worth

A recessive trait is expressed only if

The person was able to inherit a dominant trait
The person gets to inherit both recessive trait Correct
The person was able to get both recessive and dominant traits
The person was able to have mutations within the segment of its DNA

A research surveyed an area to know the population of a certain species of bird. While gathering the data, the researcher wrongly classified a group of birds and mistaken them to be the same kind of the bird she was studying. What form of bias took place in gathering the data?

Survivor bias
Misclassification bias Correct
Selection bias
Funding bias

A research which demonstrates ethical misconduct and therefore shows the need for ethical and legal guidelines in using humans for biomedical research.

Tuskegee Study Correct

A sheet of pure, carbon graphite rolled into cylinders usually a few nanometers in diameter and between 1 and 100 micrometers.

Nanosensors
Nanotube Correct
Buckyball
Nanodrug delivery

A sheet of pure, carbon graphite rolled into cylinders usually a few nanometers in diameter and between and micrometers

Nanotube Correct

A small form of injection where the patient's body is injected with insulin in a constant rate to balance the amount of sugar in his or her blood, it is also capable of small drug doses over a long period of time

Microsphere
Polymeric nanoparticles
Nanopump Correct
Artificial pancreas

A stem have four fates/outcomes, which of the following is the first one?

Producing two new daughter cell where both are different and highly differentiated from the parent stem cell
Dividing into two daughter cell where one is the same as the parent stem cell and the other is differentiated
Remain Quiescent without dividing or differentiating Correct
Producing two daughter cells increasing the stem cell pool

A type of diabetes where the body's cells do not respond to the presence of insulin.

Nanomedicine
Type 1 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes Correct
Diabetes mellitus

A type of diabetes where the pancreas is not capable of producing insulin for the body.

Type 1 diabetes Correct
Type 2 diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Nanomedicine

A type of stem cell that is restricted to becoming a more limited population of cells.

Unipotent Stem cells
Pluripotent stem cells
Totipotent Stem Cells
Multipotent Stem cells Correct

A type of stem cell that shares some of the same characteristics as stem cells that came from embryos such as proliferation, morphology and gene expression but came from adult differentiated cells

Embryonic stem cell
Induced pluripotent Stem Cells Correct
Multipotent stem cells
Totipotent stem cell

A valuable chemical that can be used as a biofuel.

n-butanol Correct

Academic science refers to which of the following?

The way scientific knowledge is transferred from an area of science to territory of technolog Correct

According to article which of the following would be the best definition for stem cell?

Self-renewing and can differentiate to other types of cell Correct
Can reproduce and cure diseases
Capable of copying other cell and reproduce in a faster rate
Ability to reorganize itself into a new form of cell

According to Merton's "The Sociology of Science: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations science, like any other activity involving social collaboration, is what?

The best way to survive social related problem
Can survive change and maintain itself for era
Needs people to handle it
Subjected to shifting fortunes Correct

According to Steven Nissen, a cardiologist in Cleveland Clinic, pharmaceutical industry's has a growing influence over what?

Medical research Correct
Biological science
Medical schools
Environmental Research

According to the article between the two manners of building materials which is more promising?

Top-down approach
Top-bottom approach
Down-top approach
Bottom-up approach Correct

According to the article the person who believes that the sperm contains a homunculus?

Nicolaas HartsoekerCorrec Correct

According to the article the US-centric that Maienschein adopted is disappointing because;

It fails to appreciate the growing global anxiety that big businesses will control and selfishly exploit the fruits of science. Correct

According to the article, cognitive self-esteem after using google gives people a sense of thinking that google has become part of their cognitive tool set. This means that:

They boasted off something which was never really a part of them
They feel like they are smarter while they tend to rely on google Correct
People has been more confident with themselves
They finally get the sense of pride about their knowledge

According to the article, which of the following is one of the best reason why humans rely more on the internet than another human beings when they are in search of answers.

Because unlike another humans, the internet contains large volumes of facts
Because unlike humans internet are generally easier to access nowadays and can answer faster and more accurate than another person Correct
Because people doesn't like interaction with other people anymore
Because the internet offers a better set of information than a regular person

According to the module cellular activities are manifestations of which of the following.

Intra and intermolecular transports and motions of cellular molecules Correct
Existence of pathogenic organism in one's system
Having organelles capable for cellular movements
Cellular acquisition of nutrients

According to the module intellectual property rights may become an issue as commercialization progresses and nanotechnology matures because?

People had always been very intact with their businesses that it would be hard for new businesses with new patents to occur
In the age as nanotechnology matures it somehow produce many competitors out in the market making it less possible to start up new patents
There is already a very wide range of patent claims, and the possible formation of patent thickets, which could contribute to barriers to entry for companies Correct
There are no laws that protects products made from or by nanotechnology which makes it hard to patent future products

According to the module the communism of scientific ethos is incompatible with the definition of technology as private property in what?

A capitalistic economy Correct
Scientific research
Scientist doing the research
A democratic point of view

According to the module, the amount of research in 2006 funded by private industries

Decreased
Increased Correct
Is the same as it was in 1965
Nothing happened

According to the module, the amount of research in funded by private industries

Increased Correct

According to the reading material that if deviation is still present the author should:

Repeat the whole study until it has zero errors
They should change the data and manipulate it to correct the errors
They should change the topic of their research
Confess it in their articles by declaring the known limitations of their work Correct

According to the survey conducted by the Union of the Concerned Scientists in 2005 half the scientists at the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service agreed that

Corporate funding is crucial for the research community
Privately funded researches are easily accessed by other researchers
Private corporations did affect the withdrawal or reversal of scientific research conclusions Correct
That private funding have sped up the sharing of research results between different institutes

According to the survey conducted by the Union of the Concerned Scientists in half the scientists at the US Fish and Wildlife Service agreed that

Private corporations did affect the withdrawal or reversal of scientific research conclusions Correct

Admission bias is

When not every subject is given the equal opportunity to be included in the study
When the sample of the population being observed died
When a subject is falsely classified as something else
When the population studied does not reflect the general population Correct

Along studying a new drug for a disease which was in a span of three years, two of the subjects died, which might be caused by old age. Which of the following bias would be fit to define the situation?

Survivor bias Correct
Volunteer bias
Selection bias
Misclassification bias

Alteration in the DNA coding sequence are referred to as

Transcription
Translation
Mutations Correct
Deletion

An action that is important for the sources of innovation and knowledge, especially for small companies.

Formulating laws that will provide protection for those who can't afford nanotechnology
Asking the government for support to fund small scale industry to afford nanotechnology
Taking actions in cutting the access of big companies in nanotechnology
Collaborating with research community especially those coming from universities and other scientists Correct

Are biodegradable polymers, with the polymer-insulin matrix enclosed by the nanoporous membrane containing grafted glucose oxidase?

Polymeric nanoparticles Correct
Implantable sensors
Microphysiometer
Insoluble glycerols

As we design systems on a nanoscale we develop which of the following

Create new cells
Develop new materials or redesign it Correct
Modify existing objects
Improve mental health

Aside from metabolism the initial phase of clinical testing using human subjects also determines what of the drug regimen?

Side Effects Correct

B.I.O.'s educational and awareness-raising programs are directed at which of the following?

Restoring the stability of our human and natural environments Correct
Build a community with that is only relying on clean energy
Promoting the restoration of the environment by shutting down industries not following rules and regulations
Work with United nations to provide a healthy future

Bayh-Dole act which is passed in , is the

Act granting universities and their professors automatic rights to own and commercialize federally funded research Correct

Bayh-Dole act which is passed in 1980, is the

Law passed that protects the environment from harmful activities of private corporations
law which states that the government has no right to own any research conducted by the university researchers when it is privately funded
Act granting universities and their professors automatic rights to own and commercialize federally funded research Correct
The role of the government to address the issue between the environment and different industries

Bruno Latour insisted on networks and hybrid mixtures and denounces the myth of a pure science, distinct from technologiessusceptible to good and bad usages.

True Correct

Buckyball is a hollow ball made from what element

Nitrogen
Oxygen
Carbon Correct
Helium

Cell that can only become one specialized cell type such as skin stem cells or muscle stem cells.

Pluripotent stem cells
Multipotent Stem cells
Totipotent Stem Cells
Unipotent Stem cells Correct

Converting harmful greenhouse gases to valuable chemicals both reduces emissions and provides necessary products that helps the

EnvironmentCorrec Correct

Discovery science is the principle describing the quest for unconventional knowledge through what?

Systematic investigation and experiment Correct

Environmental issues are often of the socio-scientific nature and treatment often requires project work in interdisciplinary settings.

True Correct
False

Eric Drexler has identified four challenges in dealing with the development, impact, and effects of nanotechnology on society. Which of the following is not part of it?

The Challenge of Technological Degradation Correct
The Challenge of Formulating Public Policy
The Challenge of Technological Development
The Challenge of Technological Foresight

Erwin Schrondinger according to the module opened the quantum era in 1900.

True
False Correct

Gathering detailed family history, systematically evaluating the patients phenotype, reviewing medical literature and databases for possible overlap with known syndromes or implicated biochemical pathways, and obtaining informed consent are all needed to satisfy which of the following according to the module?

Requirements for genome analysis
Proper interpretation of genomic variant Correct
Background check of the patient
Process of data collection

Genomic Vaccines take form of what in order to encode desired proteins in a cell.

DNA or RNACorrec Correct

Having only research with positive result and not accepting of those with negative results would be a form of what bias?

Publication Bias Correct
Bias in Data analysis
Bias in Data Interpretation
Bias in Data Collection

He utilized the plural form of technoscience which is technosciences to underline empirical and sociological approach.

Bruno Latour Correct

He was the one who recalled Hartsoeker's understanding and argued that the destruction of sperm is wrong as well as masturbation.

Pinhas ElijahCorrec Correct

Health systems need a comprehensive approach to data security that includes all aspects of their operations to be able to prevent which of the following?

Protect the records from the patient itself
Medical doctors to access the data
Political parties to use data against opposing parties
Cyber-attacks which may harm the confidentiality of health records Correct

hydrogen powered cars were too pricey largely because of the fact that it uses platinum which is rare, so in order to cut the cost researchers are planning to replace it with what

Paladium Correct

If there are uncertainties about the risks involve or not enough information or uncertainty about the degree of exposure, what should the action be?

Report the incident to the health department to be able to minimize damages
Find more information or conduct a more detailed assessment Correct
Maintain control procedures and minimize chances of higher exposure occurring
Shut down the project

If there is an inadequate control procedure reported it is required to:

Innovation of processes involved
Applying medical assistance to the one affected
Review and regulation of the assessment Correct
Develop new materials and ignore the case

In , all member state of the United Nations adopted what to set goals for achieving specific

Millennium declaration Correct

In , all member state of the United Nations adopted what to set goals for achieving specific targets by certain dates

Millennium declaration Correct

In 2000, all 189 member state of the United Nations adopted what to set goals for achieving specific

Millennium declaration Correct

In 2000, all 189 member state of the United Nations adopted what to set goals for achieving specific targets by certain dates.

Biopolitical agreement
Biopolicy
Millennium declaration Correct
Environmental Law Declaration

In a small workplace who should be the one to assess the work and the environment in the workplace?

Project Manager Correct
Assistant Manager
Assessment team
Managing Director

In building nanotechnology which of the following approach is where you start with individual molecules and create a product from there.

Bottom-up approach Correct
Top-bottom approach
Top-down approach
Down-top approach

In Liquid Biopsy, which of the following is needed to know if a person has cancer

BloodCorrec Correct

In orally taken insulin what coating is used to be able to protect the insulin from gastric juices

Mucosal membrane
Casein coating Correct
Nucleic acid
Glucose oxidase

In producing sustainable communities the researchers plans to use what in order to produce electricity?

Solar panels Correct

In the 8th step of the 10-step model for nanotechnology risk management, If the assessment shows that there are significant risks to health beside from doing several actions in early steps the following are further actions should be acquired except:

Having First aid and Emergency facility
Complementary employee training
More precise monitoring procedures
Change the form of technology being harnessed Correct

In the article who among the following is said to have an early understanding of genetics, modern in vitro fertilization, and stem-cell biology.

Pinhas Elijah
Nicolaas Hartsoeker
Jane Maienschein
Thomas Hunt Morgan Correct

In the experiment where a different group of people were told to copy 40 memorable factoids where some of them were told that their work will be saved in a computer and some were told that there work will not be saved, which of the following was a conclusion they derived from the experiment.

The group that was told that their work will be saved is much worse at remembering compared to the group of people who are told that their work will not be saved Correct
The group that was told that their work will not be saved had a hard time remembering what they have worked on
The group that was told that their work will be saved had remember their work with the same rate as those who are told that their work will not be saved
The group that was told that the work will be saved where very good at remembering the facts given

In the experiment where a different group of people were told to copy memorable factoids where some of them were told that their work will be saved in a computer and some were told that there work will not be saved, which of the following was a conclusion they derived from the experiment

The group that was told that their work will be saved is much worse at remembering compared to the group of people who are told that their work will not be saved Correct

In the process of mimicking photosynthesis what is the use of nanowires?

They prevent bacterial growth by continuously degrading and exposing other organisms(bacteria)to its particle
They are used to support the whole system above the ground
They used to capture light Correct
They function as the one who holds bacteria

In the statement'Imitatio Dei is morally positive' what is the meaning of the italicized word?

Imitate thee
Imitation of Mortals
Imitation of God Correct
Imitate Death

Science, Technology and Society

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